Sniffenc's+study+guide

Cheat Sheet!

Neutrons (jc) - a particle that has no electric charge and is located in the nucleus. Protons (jc) - a positively charged particle located in an atom's nucleus. Nucleus (JC) - the central region of an atom where most of the atom's mass is found in protons and neutrons. Electrons (JC) - a negatively charged particle located outside an atom's nucleus. Atomic Number (JC) - the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Atomic Mass Number (jc) - the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. Isotope (jc) - an atom of one element that has a different number of neutrons than another atom of the same element. Ion (jc) - an atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative electric charge. Atomic Mass (JC) - the average mass of the atoms of an element. Periodic Table (jc) - a table of the elements, arranged by atomic number, that shows the patterns of their properties. Period (jc) - a horizontal row in the periodic table of the elements - elements in a period have varying properties. Group (jc) - a vertical column in the in the periodic table of the elements - elements in a group have similar properties. Reactive (jc) - likely to undergo a chemical change. Metal (jc) - an element that tends to be shiny, easily shaped, and a good conductor of electricity and heat. Nonmetal (jc) - an element that is not a metal and has properties generally opposite to those of a metal. Metalloid~(JC) - an element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals. Radio Activity (jc) - the process by which the nucleus of an atom of an element release energy and particles. Half-Life (jc) - the amount of time it takes for half of the nuclei of a radioactive isotope to decay into atoms of another element. Orbital (jc) - the wave function of an electron in an atom or molecule, indicating the electron's probably location.  Solids (JC): matter that has a definate shape and volume. Particles in this state of matter vibrate. Liquids (JC): matter that has definate volume but not a definite shape. Particles in this state are close together but move around one another. Gas (JC): matter has no definate volume or shape, particles in this substance move about freely. Plasma (JC): a gas that has been ionized. heterogeneous (JC): Chemistry of a mixture composed of different substances or the same substance in different phases, as solid ice and liquid water. Mixture (JC): an aggregate of two or more substances that are not chemically united and that exist in no fixed proportion to each other Homogenous (JC): involving substances in the same phase (solid, liquid, gas) Condensation (JC): the act or process of reducing a gas or vapor to a liquid form Sublimation (JC): The change from a solid to a gas, skipping the liquid phase Colloids (JC): a mixture containing tiny particles of one substance scattered evenly throughout another Solution (JC): mixture in which the molecules of one substance, known as a solute, are dissolved in another substance, known as the solvent Diffuses (JC): To become widely dispersed; spread out Heat (JC): transfer of thermal energy between substances that are at different temperatures Suspension (JC): mixture in which particles of a solid are spread throughout a liquid, and the particles are large enough to settle out Compound (JC): matter made of 2 or more elements Element (JC): matter made of a single type of atom

 